Maconha: From racist origin of prohibition in Brazil to the possibility of legalizing recreational use

This paper investigates the origins of marijuana prohibition in Brazil, highlighting the role of racism in the consolidation of the war on drugs policy, which disproportionately impacts black and peripheral populations. With an exploratory and qualitative and quantitative analysis based on specialized literature and legal documents, it examines how the criminalization of maconha has served as a mechanism of social control, reinforcing racial inequalities. It also addresses advances in the medicinal use of maconha and the possibility of legalizing the recreational use of the plant. It is concluded that a review of drug policy is essential to reduce inequalities, repair the damage caused by war policy and promote a more fair and inclusive approach, with a focus on public health.