Tecnologias avançadas com LiDAR embarcado em drones para projetos de redes de esgoto: Modelagem e implantação

This work addresses the techniques and methodologies applied to the installation of sewage networks, aiming to reduce environmental impacts, accelerate the execution of collector network projects, and encourage the adoption of new technologies in basic sanitation projects, following standards that ensure accuracy, quality, and engineering best practices. Key economic and efficiency benefits are highlighted through the application of surveying methods with drones equipped with LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technology, enabling the generation of critical data and information for preliminary study phases, as well as basic and executive projects in the hydraulic modeling of sewage collection networks. The applied methodology constitutes a promising alternative to support project, execution, and maintenance stages, given the complexities encountered in network layouts, such as the presence of numerous consolidated networks, limited space for execution, proximity to residential areas, and the need to preserve asphalt pavement integrity. These studies are essential for obtaining digital terrain models, generated from point clouds collected in areas of interest with high-tech drones, providing indispensable information for deep network installations with challenging slopes. Preliminary topographic surveys and continuous monitoring during construction, with data converted according to the IBGE’s HgeoHNOR2020 altimetric model, have proven crucial to the success of this method. This study compares the economic viability of the LiDAR method with traditional surveying methods, detailing each approach's stages, inputs, services, and specificities, in addition to evaluating the social and environmental impacts of the conventional method. Bibliographic references, field-collected data, and analyses conducted indicate that the use of LiDAR technology embedded in drones brings significant benefits in terms of precision, productivity, cost, and quality for hydraulic modeling projects of sewage networks.