Periodontal Diseases in Patients with Down Syndrome

The relationship between Down syndrome and periodontal diseases was addressed, with emphasis on genetic, immunological, anatomical and behavioral factors that contribute to the predisposition to the development of periodontal disease. The research problem was: What is the relationship between periodontal disease and Down syndrome patients? This question is answered through the general objective: to address periodontal diseases in patients with Down syndrome. The methodology consisted of a narrative literature review, analyzing 22 studies researched in the BVS PubMed LiLacs databases published between 2017 and 2024, in Portuguese and English, that were aligned with the theme and freely available in full. It is concluded that the education of caregivers and patients, combined with regular dental follow-up, is essential to minimize the impacts of periodontitis in patients with Down syndrome. The importance of early assessment, even before tooth eruption, is highlighted to implement preventive strategies and promote appropriate guidance to caregivers on proper oral hygiene management. Non-surgical Periodontal Therapy has been described as the main treatment method, complemented by technologies such as the Er laser, which demonstrate promising results in minimally invasive management.